Question

difference bw unitary form of government and federal form of government

Answer 1

In unitary government system powers remained at central place and central government have the authority to make all the decision while in federal government most of the powers except powers related to international affairs are delegated to local governments or provinces.

2. Unitary government is not as much democratic form of government due to decision making power at central place while federal government is a pure democratic government in which local governments, territories, constituents states or provinces can enjoys some powers regarding governing and decision making in their respective regions.

3. Unitary government have just one government that’s why it is also known by the name of central government

Federal Government:

Federal government is a type of national government in which government have powers to delegates the power to other elected member of the states. There can be two level of federal government in a country either it is performing through common institutions or through powers as prescribed by a constitution of the state. It is totally opposite to the unitary government. In federation or federal government, provinces or territories enjoys some rights as are available to the independent states. However international diplomacy, national security, foreign affairs and other kinds of international dealings are solely made by the federal government. It can be in form of federal republic and federal monarchy government. Currently there are 27 federations in the world. Pakistan, India, Brazil, Switzerland, Sudan, etc. are examples of federal republic government while Australia, Belgium, Canada, etc, are examples of federal monarchy government.


Unitary Government:

Unitary government is a kind of government system in which a single power, which is known as the central government, controls the whole government. In fact, all powers and administrative divisions authorities lies at the central place. Today most of the government system in the world are based on unitary system of government. It is slightly different from federal states and con-federal states. In unitary government, central government has the power to broadened or narrowed the power of sub-national units. It can create and abolished the same up to his will. It can be in form of unitary republic or unitary monarchy. 

UK, Afghanistan, Italy, Zambia Ukraine, etc. are examples of unitary republic government while Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Barbados, Morocco, Spain, etc are examples of unitary monarchy government.



Put simply, the difference between a unitary and a federal government is that a unitary government puts its power in one central government while in a federal system the governing power is divided into federal and local governing bodies that connect to the national government.

In other words, federal system believes in delegation of authority, making it very clumsy, everyone has a boss in this system. At times it becomes difficult to make out who is actually the boss and the judiciary system in federal form makes it even more confusing as to who is answerable to whom and who is actually correct, everyone can approach one court or the other or a tribunal too.



There are no fix or predefined difference between federal and Unitary type of governance, a country may have features of both unitary and federal type or maybe not.

Basic difference between Unitary and Federal government are:

In Federal government there is dual governance: Central or national government and regional/state/provincial government while Unitary has only national/central government which may further divided into provincial government.In Federal, there is proper division of central/national government and state/provincial government in constitution while Unitary has no such division.In Federal, Constitution is written while in Unitary, Constitution may be written (France) or may not written (Britain)In Federal, Constitution is rigid while in Unitary, Constitution may be rigid (France) or flexible (Britain)In Federal, Constitution is supreme while in Unitary, Constitution may be supreme (Japan) or may not be supreme(Britain)In federal, Judiciary is independent while in Unitary, Judiciary may be independent or may not be independent.In federal, Legislature is bicameral (lower and upper house) while in Unitary, Legislature may be bicameral or may not be bicameral .

Answer 2

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$\boxed{ Unitary\: System}$

In $\color{red}{Unitary system}$ either there is only one level of government or other levels are subordinate to the central government. The Central government can pass orders to the sub-units.

$\boxed{ Federal\: System}$

In $\color{green}{Federal system}$, the State government is not subordinate to the Central government. The Central government cannot order State government to do something.

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