Question

discuss critically the effect of land revenue system introduced by the British​

Answer 1

The land revenue system under the British was -

The Zamindari system - In this, Zamindars were considered as the owner of the lands, and were given the rights to collect the rent from the small peasants. This was a highly unjust type, as 1/11 of the revenue went to Zamindars leaving the rest 10/11 of the profit to the British.

The Ryotwari System - This was a fairer one as compared to the previous one, as the ownership remained with small farmers, and the taxation was near about 50% of the income. I

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Answer 2

Answer:

The British introduced different land revenue systems in different parts of the country. For instance, Permanent Settlement was introduced in Bengal and Ryotwari system was mainly introduced in South India. The Mahalwari system of land revenue was introduced in the Central provinces, North West Frontier Provinces, Agra, Punjab and the Gangetic valley.

Explanation:

In all these land revenue systems, the revenue was fixed at a very high rate. In Permanent settlement, the Company fixed the revenue so high that it became difficult for zamindars to pay revenues to the Company.  The settlement was oppressive for villagers as they had to pay high rent to the zamindars. Their rights on the land were maintained till they paid the revenues. To pay the high land revenues, they had to take loans from moneylenders at high interest rates.Cultivators failed to pay the high rent and thus were evicted from their lands which they had been cultivating since generations. In other land revenue systems too, most of the peasants were not able to pay teh revenues and hence lost their lands.

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