Question

Discuss some of the developments done by the nawabs of Awadh (burhan-ul-mulk saadat khan) in the state .


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Answer 1

Answer:

Awadh was historic region of northern India, now constituting the north-eastern portion of Uttar Pradesh state. It received its name from the capital Kosala’s Kingdom Ayodhya and became part of Mughal Empire in 16th century. British in 1800 subjugated as part of their Empire. The suba of Awadh became independent in A.D. 1722, when a Persian Shia named Saadat Khan was appointed as the governor of Awadh by Muhammad shah, the Mughal Emperor. He had helped in the overthrow of the saiyid brothers. Saadat khan was deputed by the king to negotiate with Nadir Shah so that he should desist from destroying the city and return to his country on payment of a large amount of money. When Nadir Shah failed to get the promised amount of money, his anger felt on the population of Delhi. He ordered a general massacre. Saadat Khan committed suicide due to humiliation and shame.

Answer 2

Answer:

Awadh

The founder of Awadh, Burhan-ul-Mulk Sa’adat Khan was appointed its subadar in 1722. It was one of the most important states to emerge out of the break-up of the Mughal Empire. It had the following features:

It was a prosperous region controlling a rich alluvial Ganga plain.

It was the main trade route between north India and Bengal.

Burhan-ul-Mulk also held the combined offices of political (subadari), financial (diwani) and military (faujdari) affairs of the province of Awadh.

Methodology to reduce Mughal influence

He managed to reduce the Mughal influence by:

Reducing the number of office holders (jagirdars) appointed by the Mughals.

Reducing the size of the jagirs.

Appointing his own loyal servants in the vacant positions.

The accounts of the jagirdars were strictly checked to prevent cheating and the revenues of all districts were reassessed by the officials appointed by the Nawab’s court. He also seized a number of Rajput zamindaris and also the agriculturally fertile lands of the Afghans of Rohilkhand.