Question

discuss the influence of the french philosophers on the outbreakof the french revolution in 1789

Answer 1

French philosophers were instrumental in the French revolution. Writers such as Voltaire, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Diderot, Locke, etc were the essentially the backbone of the revolution. Even though they wrote many of their works before 1789 and during the absolute monarchy of France, they heavily influenced the intellectuals and elite of France when censorship was common. Basically, the ideologies of the French philosophers was the basis of the French Revolution. The ironic part is that France supported the American Revolution, a revolution that was a result of these french philosophers (at the time France was still a monarchy). The french revolution was a huge separation between the Church and State, and French society became secular (only by extreme force and terror, which you can thank Robespierre for). Weddings during revolutionary France were civil, and not held in Churches and for example, homosexuals gained considerably more rights, and there was more and more free speech. These ideas were formulated by the French philosophers. Voltaire, for example, adored free speech and was very secular and anti-religion (though he supported the freedom of religion). Jean-Jacques Rousseau, in the Social Contract, promoted Republicanism (different from the American republican party). France was a republic throughout most of the Revolution. To conclude it all, the ideas of French philosophers basically reflected what actually happened in the French Revolution. Napoleon, when he took power in 1799 (which effectively ended the Revolution), promoted meritocracy, promoted education for all, gave freedom of religion, etc. However, it is important to note that he did do some Conservative things, but that's another story. The French philosophers were the masterminds of the Revolution, and the hard times in France before 1789 really pushed the people to revolt. The characteristics of the French philosophers, their ideas, theories, etc were the backbone of the Revolution. 

Answer 2

Question :-

Write about the three main french philosophers and their role in french revolution 1789

Answer :-

The role of philosophers in the French revolution are as follows :-

(1) During 18 th century , France had many revolutionary thinkers.Among them were Voltaire , Rousseau , Montesquieu and Dederot .Their revolutionary ideas helped the people to fight for their rights .

(2) They exposed the inefficiency of the monarch and and his government.

(3)Voltaire's ideas encouraged people to fight against the privileges and finance of the Church without guilt.

(4) John Locke propounded the ideas refuting divinity and absolute rights of monarch.

(5) Montesquieu believed that all the powers should not be concentrated in one person's hand.

(6)Rousseau asserted the doctrine of democracy and popular sovereignty. He believed that the government should be based on the consent if the governed .He wrote a book known as " Social Contract" .

(7) Thus the ideas of the philosophers were a direct attack on privileges and feudal rights which protected the upper classes. They played a vital role in bringing about the revolution.

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