Dna is composed of the purine nucleotides: adenine (a) and guanine (g); and the pyrimidine nucleotides: cytosine (c) and thymine (t). Consider an arbitrary 4-base sequence that contains one of each of the nucleotides in some order (e.G. Agct). What is the probability that the two purines and the two pyrimidines are found together (i.E. Adjacent)?
Answers
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DNA is a nucleic acid, one of the four major groups of biological macromolecules.
Nucleotides
All nucleic acids are made up of nucleotides. In DNA, each nucleotide is made up of three parts: a 5-carbon sugar called deoxyribose, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
DNA uses four kinds of nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), guanine (G) cytosine (C), and thymine (T).
RNA nucleotides may also contain adenine, guanine and cytosine bases, but instead of thymine they have another base called uracil (U).
Chargaff's rules
In the 1950s, a biochemist named Erwin Chargaff discovered that the amounts of the nitrogenous bases (A, T, C, and G) were not found in equal quantities. However, the amount of A always equalled the amount of T, and the amount of C always equalled the amount of G.
These findings turned out to be crucial to uncovering the model of the DNA double helix.
Double helix
The discovery of the double helixstructure of DNA was made thanks to a number of scientists in the 1950s.
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