Question

expalin octed rule ???​

Answer 1

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=> Noble gases are found to be exceptionally stable. Elements which have atoms having electrons less than 8 in their valency shell tend to stabilise itself by sharing of electrons or transfer of electrons .this tendency of atoms to have eight electrons in valency shell is in accordance with octed rule.

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Answer 2

Octet rule

Octet rule: Atoms can combine either by transfer of valence electrons from one atom to another (gaining or loosing) or by sharing of valence electrons in order to have an octet in their valence shells. Significance : Occuring 8 electrons (octet formation) in the valence shells of atoms leads to stable electronic configuration.

Limitations:

(i) Formations of compounds involving hydrogen :

Hydrogen atom has only one electron in its valence shell, it needs one more electron to acquire the nearest noble gas configuration of Helium. Hence hydrogen needs to complete its duplet (acquiring 2 electrons in its valence shell) rather than octet.

ii)Odd-electron molecules:

Molecules having  an odd number of electrons like nitric oxide, NO and nitrogen dioxide, NO2,  do not satisfy the octet rule for all the atoms.

iii)The rule failed to predict the shape and relative stability of molecules.

iv) It is based upon the inert nature of noble gases. However, some noble gases like xenon and krypton form compounds such as XeF2, KrF2 etc.

v) This rule cannot be applied to those compounds in which the number of electrons surrounding the central atom is less than eight. For example, LiCl, BeH2, AlCl3 etc. do not obey the octet rule.

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