explain Boyle's law on the basis of kinetic theory of matter
Answers
P1V1 = P2V2
P stands for PRESSURE
V stands for VOLUME
'1' stands for the initial pressure/volume
'2' stands for the resultant pressure/volume
But there are only certain circumstances in which the Boyle's Law could be applied - these circumstances are also known as CONSTANTS (so they don't change.)
Temperature in the system must be CONSTANT.Number/mass/amount of particles must be CONSTANT.
Once you've ensured these constants are in effect, you can then apply the formula.
Now regarding to the kinetic theory, if there are a constant amount of particles at a constant temperature in a closed system then you can calculate the volume or pressure if it's changed.
For instance, let's say a balloon has a certain amount of particles in it, the temperature doesn't change. When you squeeze the balloon, you're decreasing the volume, and since P1V1=P2V2, the pressure will naturally increase, in order to reach a constant that equals to the resultant pressure/volume.
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According to kinetic theory of matter, the number of particles present in a given mass and the average kinetic energy is constant.
If the volume of given mass of a gas is reduced to half of its original volume. The same number of particles will have half space to move.
As a result, the number of molecules striking the unit area of the walls of the container at given time will get doubled of the pressure will also get doubled.
Alternatively, if the volume of a given mass of a gas is doubled at constant temperature, same number of molecules will have double space to move.
Thus, number of molecule striking the unit area of the walls of container at a given time will become one half of original value.
Thus, pressure will also get reduced to half of original pressure.
Hence, it is seen that if pressure increases, volume of a gas decreases at constant temperature and this is Boyle’s law.