Question

explain briefly what are the different forms of soil in UAE

Answer 1

Soils of the Emirate (Shahid et al., 2004; UAEU, 1993) can be broadly categorized as sandy and sandy calcareous, gypsiferous, saline, saline-gypsiferous, and hard pan soils etc. These soils have been classified into three soil orders (Aridisols, Entisols and Inceptisols) of the Soil Taxonomy.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Abu Dhabi Emirate has a hot desert climate, with high temperature (usually exceeding 40oC in summer), and evaporation exceeds rainfall. The rainfall is infrequent and irregular (annual about 120mm or less). There are two defined seasons, a long dry summer between April and November, and a mild winter period between December and March. Abu Dhabi Emirate occupies 84% area of the United Arab Emirates. Soils are a structured natural environment providing the source and the nurturing ground for a large part of terrestrial life. Soils have always been central to human civilization and life and are an integral part of the physical and cultural environment that we may take them for granted and even tend to treat them contemptuously. Land use in this desert terrain was based on nomadic patoralism with some oasis cultivation, particularly date palms. The desert was the home of Bedouin who roamed the sand seeking grazing for their camel herds and for their flocks of goats and sheeps. A detailed practical soil map of the Emirate does not exist at present, however, previous studies, such as National Atlas of UAE (UAEU, 1993) and Abu Dhabi Coastline Survey (Shahid et al., 2004) have shown that the landscape of Abu Dhabi is dominated mainly by low-lying sandy deserts, extensive salts-flats in the coastal areas, gravelly plains covering wide areas in both the far west and east of the Emirate, and alluvial plains. These different landscape features strongly suggest the occurrence of soil diversity in the Emirate. The study by Shahid et al., (2004) revealed that, a rather uniform looking coastal landscape in fact, presents a diversity of sub-surface features that help to categorize the soils into different soil classes. The future Emirate wide soil survey will identify more soil classes in the inland (ICBA-EAD, 2005). Soils of the Emirate (Shahid et al., 2004; UAEU, 1993) can be broadly categorized as sandy and sandy calcareous, gypsiferous, saline, saline-gypsiferous, and hard pan soils etc. These soils have been classified into three soil orders (Aridisols, Entisols and Inceptisols) of the Soil Taxonomy (USDA-NRCS, 1999). Entisols are the most commonly occurring soils, followed by Aridisols to a relatively lesser extent, and Inceptisols are the least common in the Emirate. Soil classification is described in which detailed descriptions of soil masses and their discontinuities are made in test soil pits and soil profiles, and is also supported by laboratory soil data. These soils are described in the context of their formation, temperature and moisture regimes, properties and occurrence in the Emirate. Surface deposits of sandy soils are described from erosion and transport mechanism point of view. The efforts within the Emirate in halting land degradation are briefly presented.

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