Question

explain meristematic tissue in 5 marks

Answer 1

Meristematic tissue our group tissue and are found in the growing regions of the plant . According to their position in the plant , meristems are apical , lateral and intercalary .
1) APICAL MERISTEMS :- These are situated at the growing tip of stems and roots , I.e., at shoot apex and root apex . Apical meristems are also found at apices of the leaves .
2) LATERAL MERISTEMS :- These are found beneath the bark ( called cork cambium ) and in vascular bundles of dicot roots and stem ( called vascular cambium ) . They occur in thin layers . Cambium is the region which is responsible for growth in thickness .
3) INTERCALARY MERISTEMS :- They are located at the base of leaves or internode , e.g., stems of grasses and other monocots . Such tissues also occur below the nodes ( e.g., mint ) .

Answer 2

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⇒ Meristematic cells are generally small and cuboidal with large nuclei, small vacuoles, and thin walls.

⇒ A plant has four kinds of meristems: the apical meristem and three kinds of lateral—vascular cambium, cork cambium, and intercalary meristem.

⇒ Cells are immature and young

⇒ Meristematic tissue is commonly called as meristems.

⇒ Shape of cell: each cell is oval, rounded, polygonal or rectangular
Size: smal
lIntercellular space: Absent

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Apical Meristem
1. These are located at opposite ends of the plant axis in the tips of roots and shoots. 
2. Cell divisions and subsequent cellular enlargement in these areas lengthen the above and below ground parts of the plant. 
3. Apical meristem has two distinct zone: Promeristem zone: contains group of dividing cell (apical initials)Meristematic zone: contains protoderms (epiderm), procambium (primary vascular tissue) and ground meristem (cortex and pith).
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Lateral Meristem:
1. meristem located along the sides of a part, as a stem or root.
2. It helps in increases the diameter or thickness of plants.
3. Example: vascular cambium (primary meristem) and cork cambium (secondary meristem)
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Intercalary Meristem
1. Position: present in intercalary position in the leaves and internode
2.It is a part of apical meristem
3.It also adds to height of plants
4 Commonly present in monocots, grass and pines
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