explain Rutherford's model
Answers
Explanation:
The Rutherford model was devised by the New Zealand-born physicist Ernest Rutherford to describe an atom. Rutherford directed the Geiger–Marsden experiment in 1909, which suggested, upon Rutherford's 1911 analysis, that J. J. Thomson's plum pudding model of the atom was incorrect.
Explanation:
In this experiment a very thin gold foil is bombard by alpha-particles.
A stream of high energy alpha-particles from radioactive element, is bombard on a thin gold foil, foil has a circular fluorescent ZnS screen around it. Whenever alpha-particle after passing through gold foil, strikes to a ZnS circular screen. It produces a light. But results of scattering experiment were quite unexpected. It was observed that :-
* A small fraction of the alpha-particles was deflected by small angles.
* Most of the alpha-particles passing through gold foil undeflected.
* A very few alpha-particles bounded, were deflected by nearly 180°.
_____________________________
→ On the basis of the above observations, Rutherford gave some conclusions :-
* As most of the alpha-particles passed through foil undeflected, it means most of the space of the gold atom is empty.
* A few positively alpha-particles were deflected because of a very small nuclear position of the gold atoms.
* By this Rutherford conclude that the volume occupied by the nucleus is very small as compared to the nucleus of an atom.
____________________________
→ On the basis of the above observations and conclusions, Rutherford proposed the structure of an atom :-
* Atom consists of two parts - Nuclear and Extra nuclear protons.
› Nuclear proton - Has nucleus or positive parts or protons.
› Extra nuclear proton - Has electrons or negative part.
* Nucleus is surrounded by electrons that move around the nucleus with a very high speed in circular path or orbits.
* Total positive charge of nucleus is equal to the total negative charge of electrons, in that atom. So, on atom is electrically neutral.