Question

Explain the forms of power sharing.​

Answer 1

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POWER SHARING :- It is a mechanism under which all the major segments of the society are provided with a permanent share of power in the governance of the country.

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The different forms if power sharing in modern democracies are as follows :-

• 1) Horizontal division of power :- Power is shared among different organs of government, such as legislative, executive and judiciary.
• 2) Vertical division of power :- Power is shared among governments at different levels, where a general government for the entire country, which is usually called Federal government, or a Central or a Union government in India.
• 3) Community government :- Power is shared among different social groups, such as religious and linguistic groups.
• 4) Coalition government :- Power is shared among the political parties, pressure groups and movements help in controlling or influencing those who are in power.

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Answer 2

The different forms of power sharing in modern democracies are:

→ Horizontal Distribution of Power: The power is shared among the different organs of government, such as the legislature, executive and judiciary. Example: The distribution of power between Indian Parliament (legislature), the council of ministers headed by chief ministers (executive) and Courts of India.

→ Vertical Distribution of Power: The power is shared among governments at different levels– a general government for the entire country and governments at the provincial or regional level. Example: In India, power is shared among Central government, State government and local governments.

→ Distribution of Power among different Social Groups: Power may also be shared among different social groups such as the religious and linguistic groups.Example: ‘Community Government’ in Belgium.

→ Distribution of Power among Political Parties, Pressure Groups and Movements: Political Parties, Pressure Groups and Movements control or influence those who are in power. Different political parties contest elections for power which ensures that power does not remain in one hand and shared among different political parties that represent different ideologies and social groups. Pressure groups and movements influence the decision making process.