explain the human respiration
Answers
Answer:
Respiration is the process by which energy is released from food in our body. The function of respiratory system is to breathe in oxygen for respiration producing energy from food, and to breathe out carbon dioxide. With the help of lungs gases are exchanged between the blood and the air. Gases exchanged are oxygen and carbon dioxide. We can live without food and water for many days but we cannot live for more than a few minutes without air, as it is necessary for breathing. So, before discussing the human respiratory system, it is necessary to know the process of breathing which is an important part of respiration.
Process of Breathing:
During breathing we take air in to our lungs through the nose, and then expel it. The taking in of air rich in oxygen in to the body during breathing is called inhalation and giving out of the air rich in carbon dioxide is called exhalation. Both the process takes place regularly during breathing. Therefore, a breath means ‘one inhalation plus one exhalation’.
Mechanism of breathing is as follows:
In this we will learn how air from outside is sucked in to our lungs during inhalation and how air from lungs is pushed out during exhalation and this happens with the help of lungs. Lungs are connected to our nostrils (holes in the nose) through nasal passage and wind pipe. When we inhale air, it enters our nostrils, passes through nasal passage and windpipe, and reaches our lungs. Our two lungs hang in an airtight space in our body called ‘chest cavity’. Around the side of the chest cavity is the rib cage with sheets of muscles between the ribs which encloses the lungs in it. At the bottom of the chest cavity is a curved sheet of muscle called diaphragm. Therefore, it forms the floor of the chest cavity. So, breathing involves the movement of the rib cage and the diaphragm.
Rate of Breathing
Breathing occurs involuntarily but the rate of breathing is controlled by the respiratory system of brain. The average breathing rate in an adult man at rest is about 15 to 18 times per minute. During physical exercise breathing rate increases which supplies more oxygen to body cells for producing more energy.
The deficiency of haemoglobin in the blood of a person reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood resulting in breathing problems, tiredness and lack of energy. The person looks pale and loses weight. During carbon monoxide poisoning carbon monoxide binds very strongly with haemoglobin in the blood and prevents it from carrying oxygen to the brain and other parts of the body. If carbon monoxide is inhaled for a long time, then the person becomes unconscious and can even die due to oxygen starvation. The persons having breathing problems are given oxygen masks to facilitate breathing. In serious case, the patient is put on a machine called ‘ventilator’ in which a tube is inserted directly in to the trachea or wind pipe of the patient to help him in breathing comfortably.
I
Answer:
Lungs
Explanation:
Respiration occurs in all organisms. In this process , oxygen is taken in while carbon dioxide and water vapour are released