Explain the origins of the Himalayas.
TNSCERT Class 10 Geography Ch 1 Location and Physiography
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As a result of the collision between the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate which started 50 million years ago, the Himalayan mountains and the Tibetan plateau formed.
- The sedimentary rocks deposited in the large-scale depression in the crust of the Earth called Tethys were folded as a result of this collision and formed the Himalayas.
- The Himalayan mountain range, lifted under the Eurasian Plate by the subduction of the Indian tectonic plate, runs west-north-west to east-south-east in an arc of 2,400 km.
- The Himalayas are made up of parallel mountain ranges, the southern Sivalik Hills, the lower Himalayan Range, the highest and central Great Himalayas, and the northern Tibetan Himalayas.
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Origins of the Himalayas:
- The Himalayas are the youngest range of mountains formed by the upliftment of plates. It mainly consists of a metamorphic and sedimentary rock system.
- As per the modern tectonic theory, Himalayas are formed because of the collision of continental plates along the boundary which is convergent in nature.
- The plate’s 'boundary between the 'Eurasian plate' and/or Indo-Australian plate results in 'the formation' of the Himalayan Mountains.
- The 'Andaman and Nicobar Islands' 'situated in the 'Bay of Bengal' and the Arakan Yoma highlands lies in Myanmar are the south-eastward extension of Himalayas.
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