Question

Explain the working and application of a sonar.

Answer 1

Solution:SONAR is an acronym for Sound Navigation And Ranging. It is an acoustic device used to measure the depth, direction, and speed of under-water objects such as submarines and ship wrecks with the help of ultrasounds. It is also used to measure the depth of seas and oceans. A beam of ultrasonic sound is produced and transmitted by the transducer (it is a device that produces ultrasonic sound) of the SONAR, which travels through sea water. The echo produced by the reflection of this ultrasonic sound is detected and recorded by the detector, which is converted into electrical signals. The distance (d) of the under-water object is calculated from the time (t) taken by the echo to return with speed (v) is given by 2d = v × t. This method of measuring distance is also known as ‘echo-ranging’.

Answer 2

AnswEr:

SONAR expands into sound navigation and ranging with ultrasonic wave it is used to locate underwater obstacle and under enemy submarines etc.

• It is used by defense services to maintain a track of any trouble due to the enemies from sea SONAR works on the principal of finding time taken by ultrasonic sound to travel back to the ship after hitting any object.

• It is given by t = $\dfrac{2d}{V}$

where v is the velocity of waves in the medium and d is the distance of an object and t is time taken. It is also used to find depth o ocean at any point.