Farm labourers come either from landless families or families cultivating small plots of land. Unlike farmers, farm labourers do not have a right over the crops grown on the land. Instead they are paid wages by the farmer for whom they work. Wages can be in cash or in kind e.g. crop. Sometimes labourers get meals also. Wages vary widely from region to region, from crop to crop, from one farm activity to another (like sowing and harvesting). There is also a wide variation in the duration of employment. A farm labourer might be employed on a daily basis, or for on particular farm activity like harvesting, or for the whole year. Dala is a landless farm labourer who works on daily wages in Palampur. This means he must regularly look for work. The minimum wages for a farm labourer set by the government is Rs 300 per day (March 2017), but Dala gets only Rs 160. There is heavy competition for work among the farm labourers in Palampur, so people agree to work for lower wages. Dala complains about his situation to Ramkali, who is another farm labourer. Both Dala and Ramkali are among the poorest people in the village. Q2. Refer to the source provided above and answer the following questions: Give one reason why farmers get lesser wages as compared to the minimum wage fixed by the government? ( 1 mark) Who provides farm labour in Palampur? ( 1 mark) Mention any three problems faced by farm labourers in Palampur. ( 3 marks)
Answers
The correct question is:
Q2. Refer to the source provided above and answer the following questions:
1. Give one reason why farm labourers get lesser wages as compared to the minimum wage fixed by the government? ( 1 mark)
2. Who provides farm labour in Palampur? ( 1 mark)
3. Mention any three problems faced by farm labourers in Palampur. ( 3 marks)
Answers:
1. Farm labourers get lesser wages as compared to what has been officially fixed by the government because there is a lot of competition amongst the labourers.
It means that there are too many labourers trying to get the same job. Therefore, farmers obviously hire those labourers who quote the lowest prices, which is below the government's standards.
2. Farm labour in Palampur is provided by labourers who have little or no land.
3. Three problems faced by farm labourers in Palampur are :
- The wages can be in cash or kind. There is no guarantee that it is of use to the labourers if they are paid in kind (crops).
- They are paid wages that are lower than the governments standards.
- They are not hired permanently. Their duration of employment varies and there is a lot of uncertainty involved.
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