Question

G Long Answer Questions (Answer in 60-70 words).
1. How will you test the presence of (1) Starch (1) Sugar and (ii) Proteins in the given food
glucose, potato, egg white.
2. Explain the importance of following vitamins for the body:
(Vitamin A (i) Vitamin D (i) Vitamin K.
3. Explain the importance of roughage in our diet.
4. Describe the effects of protein-energy malnutrition in children.​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. In the presence of starch, iodine turns a blue/black colour. It is possible to distinguish starch from glucose (and other carbohydrates) using this iodine solution test. For example, if iodine is added to a peeled potato then it will turn black. Benedict's reagent can be used to test for glucose.

2. When drops of iodine solution are applied to a food containing starch, the solution will turn dark blue, purple, or blackish.

3. The easiest test to do to see the positive result is to test egg white or milk. Add some of the egg white to the Biurets solution in the test tube and mix thoroughly while still hand warming. The blue colour will change to violet if protein is present. If protein is not present, the blue colour will remain.

4. Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that is naturally present in many foods. Vitamin A is important for normal vision, the immune system, and reproduction. Vitamin A also helps the heart, lungs, kidneys, and other organs work properly.

5. Why do I need vitamin D? Your body must have vitamin D to absorb calcium and promote bone growth. Too little vitamin D results in soft bones in children (rickets) and fragile, misshapen bones in adults (osteomalacia). You also need vitamin D for other important body functions.

6. Vitamin K is a nutrient that the body needs to stay healthy. It's important for blood clotting and healthy bones and also has other functions in the body. If you are taking a blood thinner such as warfarin (Coumadin®), it's very important to get about the same amount of vitamin K each day.

7. Roughage is the portion of plant foods, such as whole grains, nuts, seeds, legumes, fruits, and vegetables, that your body can't digest. However, it's an important food source for the beneficial bacteria in your gut. It may also aid weight management and decrease certain risk factors for heart disease.

8. This affects the child at the most crucial period of time of development, which can lead to permanent impairment in later life. PEM is measured in terms of underweight (low weight for age), stunting (low height for age) and wasting (low weight for height).

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