Give 2 reasons for the rise of regional parties in India.
Answers
Answer:
Birth of regional parties can be justified as the rise of their local pride from that particular region regarding their languages, ideology, religion bias, traditions, clothings and many more. For example, birth of Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK), a regional party from the state of Tamilnadu in India, was a result of increasing dominance of Dravidian ideology in the state at that time which is actually an anti-brahminism ideology and also anti-hindi. DMK came as a hope for the dravidians and led to political transformation of the state. Till date , tamilnadu is all about Dravidian politics between DMK and AIADMK.
Answer:
National Parties: A party that secures at least 6% of the total votes in Lok Sabha elections or Assembly elections in four States and wins at least four seats in the Lok Sabha is recognised as a national party.
State Parties: A party that secures at least 6% of the total votes in an election to the Legislative Assembly of a State and wins at least two seats is recognised as a State party.
According to the Election Commission of India, there are over 2000 political parties in India, which include eight "recognized national" and more than 50 "recognized state" parties.
Regional Parties in India
Other than the 8 national parties- Indian National Congress, Bharatiya Janata Party, Nationalist Congress Party, Communist Parties, Bahujan Samaj Party, Rashtriya Janata Dal, All India Trinamool Congress and National People's Party; most of the major parties of the country are classified by the Election Commission as ‘State parties’. These are commonly referred to as regional parties.
Yet these parties need not be regional in their ideology or outlook. Some of these parties are all India parties that happen to have succeeded only in some states .
The presence of a number of ethnic, cultural, linguistic, religious and caste groups within the Indian society is greatly responsible for the origin and growth of regional parties.
In India regional parties are based on themes like– Identity, Statehood, Autonomy and Development etc.
Autonomy consists of demanding greater powers to the states (like the National Conference in Jammu and Kashmir).
Statehood consists of fighting for an independent state within the country (like the Telangana Rastra Samiti demanded a separate state of Telangana).
Identity consists of fighting for recognition of cultural rights of a group (like the Shiv Sena in Maharashtra or the DMK fighting for the identity of the Dalits).
Development consists of regional parties believing that only they can bring development to the people of a particular region.
Sometimes regional parties create these ‘cultural specificities’ for electoral gains.
Evolution of Regional Party
Over the last four decades, the number and strength of regional parties has expanded.
This has made the Parliament of India politically more diverse. Regional political parties have emerged to fulfill regional aspirations.
No one national party is able to secure on its own a majority in Lok Sabha. As a result, the national parties are compelled to form alliances with State parties. The regional political parties started playing a crucial role in coalition politics since 1989.
It is because of the regional political parties that our party-system has been federalized. The Centre has begun to address their problems and respond their aspirations through accommodation.
The evolving nature of our party system has strengthened the cooperative trends of our federal system.