give one point of difference between the following pairs on the basis of what is indicated in brackets
1)metacentric and telocentric (chromosome)
2)centromere and telomere (location)
3)maternal and paternal chromosomes( source)
4) allosome and autosame (function)
Answers
1) Metacentric - centromere is present at the center of the chromosome and the length of two arms of the chromosome are equal.
Telocentric - centromere is present at the end or tip of the chromosome and consists of only one arm.
2) centromere - the location of centromere varies in different types of chromosomes (metacentric - centre, sub metacentric - slightly away from the centre, acrocentric - almost towards the end but not at the end of the chromosome, telocentric - at the end)
Telomeres - they are always present at the tip of the chromosome arms and disappear or reduce in size during cell division.
3) maternal chromosome - the 23rd chromosome is an “X” chromosome.
Paternal chromosome- the 23rd chromosome may be “X” or “Y”
4) Allosome - also called sex chromosome and usually determines the sex of the person.
Autosome - also called somatic chromosome and usually determines the somatic characteristics of a person.