Give reasons : (i) acetylation of aniline reduces its activation effect. (ii) ch3nh2 is more basic than c6h5nh2 . (iii) although –nh2 is o/p directing group, yet aniline on nitration gives a significant amount of m-nitroaniline. 22. Ûúö¸þö ¤üßוö‹ : 1 × 3 = 3 (i) ÿöö¯ößµö ã£öö×µöÿ¾ö h2o ãöê h2 te ÿöûú ûú´
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(i) Acetylation of aniline reduces the electron density on nitrogen. Resonance results in shifting of an electron pair from nitrogen to carbonyl group. Hence, activation effect reduces.
(ii) Basicity of a compound depends on its ability to donate electron. Resonance delocalizes the lone electron pair to benzene and makes it hard to donate it. Therefore, it's less basic than methylamine.
(iii) Nitration of aniline requires acidic medium. In acidic medium, aniline forms anilinium ion by accepting a H+ ion. This anilinium ion is meta-directing which produces m-nitroaniline.
Hope this helps...
◆ Answers -
(i) Acetylation of aniline reduces the electron density on nitrogen. Resonance results in shifting of an electron pair from nitrogen to carbonyl group. Hence, activation effect reduces.
(ii) Basicity of a compound depends on its ability to donate electron. Resonance delocalizes the lone electron pair to benzene and makes it hard to donate it. Therefore, it's less basic than methylamine.
(iii) Nitration of aniline requires acidic medium. In acidic medium, aniline forms anilinium ion by accepting a H+ ion. This anilinium ion is meta-directing which produces m-nitroaniline.
Hope this helps...
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