Give the comparison between all three types of rectifier.
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Half wave rectifier:
In half wave rectification, when a.c supply is applied at the input, only positive half cycle appears across the load whereas the negative half cycle is suppressed. In a single phase supply, it requires a single diode while in a three phase supply it requires three diodes. It is not efficient because only half of the input waveforms reaches the output. To reduce the ripples or to eliminate the harmonics of the AC frequency from the output, more filtering is needed in half wave rectifier circuit.
ii) Full wave rectifier:
In full wave rectification, during both the half cycles when a.c. supply is applied to the input , current flows through the load in the same direction. Full wave rectifier circuit yields a higher average output voltage by changing the both polarities of the input waveform to pulsating DC. This type of rectification can be achieved by using at least two crystal diodes, conducting current alternatively. During positive as well as the negative half-cycle of the input AC the following two circuits namely centre tap full wave rectifier and full wave bridge rectifier is employed to obtain the same direction of flow of current in the load resistor.
bridge wave rectifier
Bridge rectifier circuit is one of the efficient forms of full wave rectifier that utilises four diodes in a bridge topology. In place of centre tap transformer, in this case, an ordinary transformer is used. The AC supply to be rectified is applied to the diagonally opposite ends of the bridge and the load resistor is connected across the remaining two diagonally opposite ends of the bridge.
In half wave rectification, when a.c supply is applied at the input, only positive half cycle appears across the load whereas the negative half cycle is suppressed. In a single phase supply, it requires a single diode while in a three phase supply it requires three diodes. It is not efficient because only half of the input waveforms reaches the output. To reduce the ripples or to eliminate the harmonics of the AC frequency from the output, more filtering is needed in half wave rectifier circuit.
ii) Full wave rectifier:
In full wave rectification, during both the half cycles when a.c. supply is applied to the input , current flows through the load in the same direction. Full wave rectifier circuit yields a higher average output voltage by changing the both polarities of the input waveform to pulsating DC. This type of rectification can be achieved by using at least two crystal diodes, conducting current alternatively. During positive as well as the negative half-cycle of the input AC the following two circuits namely centre tap full wave rectifier and full wave bridge rectifier is employed to obtain the same direction of flow of current in the load resistor.
bridge wave rectifier
Bridge rectifier circuit is one of the efficient forms of full wave rectifier that utilises four diodes in a bridge topology. In place of centre tap transformer, in this case, an ordinary transformer is used. The AC supply to be rectified is applied to the diagonally opposite ends of the bridge and the load resistor is connected across the remaining two diagonally opposite ends of the bridge.
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