Give the meaning of irregular fluctuations and give one example of such fluctuations
Answers
The fluctuations which remain after trend, cyclical, and seasonal fluctuations have been eliminated are known as irregular fluctuations. They can occur due to exceptional factors like wartime mobilization or they maybe chance or random fluctuations.
For example, a demographic time series can be obtained when the values of a demographic variable are available over time. The time series can be decomposed into a trend around which there are variations, deviations or fluctuations. If the fluctuations recur after certain periods they are known as period fluctuations or cyclical fluctuations. A year is generally used as a period for compiling data in demography. The fluctuations in the sub-periods of a year are known as seasonal fluctuations. After eliminating the above fluctuations the remaining fluctuations are known as irregular fluctuations.