Question

Gram positive and gram negative bacteria list and susceptible drug

Answer 1

The terms Gram positive and Gram negative are commonly used to describe bacteria. The main difference between the two is the structure of their cell wall which changes their susceptibility to different antibiotics. The separation also loosely fits the location of these organisms in the body – Gram negative organisms predominate in the bowel (eg. E. coli and other coliforms) whilst Gram positives (Staphs. and streptococci) predominate on the skin, upper respiratory tract and oropharynx.

A Gram positive organism lacks an outer (LPS) membrane but has a thick layer of peptidoglycan and no LPS outer membrane. This facilitates access of cell-wall active antibiotics .

Gram negative bacteria such as E. coli, these antibiotics have to traverse the LPS layer via porin (channel) proteins. The ability to transfer through these channels is dependent on the charge and shape of the antibiotic.

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