halides of the elements of 13 group
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Group 13 Halides
Trihalides, MX3
As shown in [link] all the combinations of Group 13 element (M) and halogen (X) exist for the trihalides (MX3), except thallium(III) iodide. It should be noted that while there is a compound with the general formula TlI3, it is actually a thallium(I) compound
The trihalides of boron are all monomers with a coordination number of 3 ([link]), as evidence from their low melting points ([link]). In contrast, the fluorides and chlorides of the heavier Group 13 elements (except GaCl3) are generally ionic or have a high ionic character, with a coordination number of 6 ([link], [link] and [link]). The bromides and iodides (except InBr3) are generally dimeric with a coordination number of 4 ([link]) and have molecular structures involving halide bridging ligands ([link] and [link]). AlCl3 is unusual in that in the solid state it has an ionic structure, but it is readily sublimed, and in the vapor phase (and liquid phase) it has a dimeric structure ([link]).
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Trihalides, MX3
As shown in [link] all the combinations of Group 13 element (M) and halogen (X) exist for the trihalides (MX3), except thallium(III) iodide. It should be noted that while there is a compound with the general formula TlI3, it is actually a thallium(I) compound
The trihalides of boron are all monomers with a coordination number of 3 ([link]), as evidence from their low melting points ([link]). In contrast, the fluorides and chlorides of the heavier Group 13 elements (except GaCl3) are generally ionic or have a high ionic character, with a coordination number of 6 ([link], [link] and [link]). The bromides and iodides (except InBr3) are generally dimeric with a coordination number of 4 ([link]) and have molecular structures involving halide bridging ligands ([link] and [link]). AlCl3 is unusual in that in the solid state it has an ionic structure, but it is readily sublimed, and in the vapor phase (and liquid phase) it has a dimeric structure ([link]).
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Boron trihalide(BX3), Aluminium trihalide(AlX3), Gallium trihalide(GaX3), Indium trihalide(InX3), Thallium monhalide(TlX).
The stability of +3 charge decrease down the group and stability of +1 charge increases down group 13 due to Inert Pair Effect and hence Thallium exists in +1 state.
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The stability of +3 charge decrease down the group and stability of +1 charge increases down group 13 due to Inert Pair Effect and hence Thallium exists in +1 state.
Hope this helps you..
Good Luck ✌️✌️
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