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Plzz give me tricks to find lone pair / chemistry / help pllllzzz ❤️❤️
shirley123:
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hiii this may help you
Lone pairs are defined as the electron pairs present in the valence shell of an atom that remain paired and do not participate in bond formation. Number of lone pairs of an electron can be calculated, using the octet rule and valence shell electronic configuration of the element. Let us take an example of water (H2O), and try to find the lone pair of electrons on O in water.
The valence shell electronic configuration of O is: 2s22p4. (6 electrons). Thus in an oxygen atom, the s-orbital has an electron pair and one p-orbital has an electron pair. The other two p-orbitals are occupied by one electron each. So, it requires only 2 electrons to complete its octet. For that it shares 2 electrons with 2 H-atom. So out, of 6 electrons, only 2 electrons are used in forming the covalent bond. The two electron pairs present in s-orbital and a p-orbital do not participate in bond formation. Thus, O in water molecule has 2 lone pair of electrons.
As another example, consider BrF5. In BrF5, the central atom is Br. As Br belongs to group 17, there are 7 electrons present in the valence shell of Br. Out of these 7 electrons, only 5 (present in p orbital) participate in bond formation. The remaining two (in the s-orbital) remain paired, do not participate in bond formation and hence constitute a lone pair.
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Lone pairs are defined as the electron pairs present in the valence shell of an atom that remain paired and do not participate in bond formation. Number of lone pairs of an electron can be calculated, using the octet rule and valence shell electronic configuration of the element. Let us take an example of water (H2O), and try to find the lone pair of electrons on O in water.
The valence shell electronic configuration of O is: 2s22p4. (6 electrons). Thus in an oxygen atom, the s-orbital has an electron pair and one p-orbital has an electron pair. The other two p-orbitals are occupied by one electron each. So, it requires only 2 electrons to complete its octet. For that it shares 2 electrons with 2 H-atom. So out, of 6 electrons, only 2 electrons are used in forming the covalent bond. The two electron pairs present in s-orbital and a p-orbital do not participate in bond formation. Thus, O in water molecule has 2 lone pair of electrons.
As another example, consider BrF5. In BrF5, the central atom is Br. As Br belongs to group 17, there are 7 electrons present in the valence shell of Br. Out of these 7 electrons, only 5 (present in p orbital) participate in bond formation. The remaining two (in the s-orbital) remain paired, do not participate in bond formation and hence constitute a lone pair.
PLEASE MARK AS BRANLIEST
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