Question

how do the private companies exploit their employees?

in short answer​

Answer 1

Answer:

As the labour welfare laws are in place, so whenever an employer resorts to exploitation, a worker can approach the local Labour Commissioner for redressal of his grievance.

All things said and told, there is no denying of the fact that employers being powerful ( as it is them who can hire and fire) , it becomes often difficult for an employee to sustain his struggle to exert his rights and realse what is legitimately due to him.