How do we decide which way the light bends after refraction?
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Answer:
Based on the refractive index of the medium, the light ray changes its direction, or it bends at the junction separating the two media. If the light ray travels from a medium to another of a higher refractive index, it bends towards the normal, else it bends away from the normal.
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Explanation:
The amount of bending depends on two things:
Change in speed – if a substance causes the light to speed up or slow down more, it will refract (bend) more.
Angle of the incident ray – if the light is entering the substance at a greater angle, the amount of refraction will also be more noticeable.
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