Question

How does atmospheric refraction affect sunrise and sunset?

Answer 1

Atmospheric refraction affects the sunrise as it give us 2 minutes variation as well as 2 minutes late in sunset.

Where which sun can be Seen$\textbf{ 2 minutes before sunrise }$ and$\textbf{ 2 minutes after the sunset }$

Answer 2

During sunrise, the light rays bend due to our atmosphere and we see the sun early even though the sun is just below the horizon. Similarly, at sunset, due to the same bending of light rays, we see the apparent position of the sun, not the actual position.