How many covalent bond(s) is/are present in following compounds:(i) H2O (ii) HCl (iii) O2 (iv) N
Answers
Answer:
in H2O = 2
inHCl= 1
in O2= 1
N=1
Answer:
(i) H₂O = 2
(ii) HCl = 1
(iii) O₂ = 2
(iv) N = 3
Explanation:
Covalent bonds are those formed by sharing one or more electron pairs.
(i) H₂O
H₂O is the molecular formula of water. In this molecular formula, there are two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Therefore each oxygen atom shared a covalent bond with two hydrogen atom. Hence, two covalent bond.
(ii) HCl
Both hydrogen and chlorine atoms are non-metal. Chlorine atom is very much high electronegative than a hydrogen atom. As we know that the chlorine atom has 7 electrons in its outer most valence shell that means it is one electron less than to complete an octet. So chlorine atom has a tendency to gain an electron or by sharing of an electron to complete its octet . on the other hand, a hydrogen atom has one electron. Hence by sharing of this electron with a chlorine atom, hydrogen attains duet like helium and chlorine complete his octet. So, a covalent bond is formed between H and Cl atom to form HCl.
(iii) O₂
O can form two covalent bond as it has 6 e- in its outermost shell and it needs 2 more e- to complete the octet.
(iv) N
N can form three covalent bond as it has 5 e- in its outermost shell and that's why it needs 3 more e- to complete the octet, that is to become stable.