Question

how to convert benzene to Benzene diazonium chloride

Answer 1

after the nitration of benzene the nitro benzene is formed anilene in presence of sn,conc hcl and naoh,steam distilation. after than in presence of nano2 and dil hcl at 0-5degree celcius it trans forms into benzene diazonium chloride

Answer 2

Benzene diazonium chloride is a very important organic compound in synthetic organic chemistry as it acts as precursor of many organic molecules and used in the preparation of different organic molecules through various chemical reactions.

It is usually prepared by aniline which is formed by reduction of nitrobenze.

1. Nitration of benzene:  

$\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{6}+\mathrm{HNO}_{3} / \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \rightarrow \mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NO}_{2}$

2. Reduction of nitrobenzene:

$\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5}-\mathrm{NO}_{2}+\mathrm{Sn} / \mathrm{HCl} \rightarrow \mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NH}_{2}+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$

3. Formation of Benzene diazonium chloride:  

$\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{-NH}_{2}+\mathrm{HNO}_{2} / \mathrm{HCl} \rightarrow \mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{N}_{2}^{+} \mathrm{Cl}^{-}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$