Question

identify cases where self fertilisation is observed??

Answer 1

self fertilisation/self pollination occur usually in plants whose flowers are closed(cleistogamous flowers) eg in pea.
it may also occur in animals but its a rare phenomena in them.eg. in lower invertebrate Taenia self fertilisation occur

Answer 2

Plants encourage self fertilization if their genotype is well suited for the environment or when there is absence of any pollinating agents.

Parasitic beings like Tapeworm self fertilize as they stay in host body for the whole life and can't look for a mate  

Snail , Fishes & Echinoderms self-fertilize in order to increase their number in short time and spending less energy & resources  

it may also occur in animals but its a rare phenomena in them .eg. in lower invertebrate Taenia self fertilization occur

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