If we are travelling in a bus or a car, when the driver presses the accelerator, then
Answers
Newton’s First Law covers the immediate effect on the passenger, as to when the vehicle changes speed or direction. The instant before braking, the passenger is moving with respect to the static road surface. And that passenger will at first continue to travel in the same direction and at the same speed, until something acts on them to change this.
So typically the passenger will appear to suddenly lurch forwards until they stop due to friction with their seat, or because they stop themselves by holding on, for instance.
If the event causing the driver to brake or swerve is another driver being careless or breaking a law, then an accident might have occurred even where there’s been no collision outside of the bus. And if a passenger is injured as a result, it’s possible the offending driver could be prosecuted, even though they might not be aware they’ve caused an accident with injuries. So many vehicles have video event data recorders today, we shouldn’t be surprised when a summons (or cop) could appear at the address of a car owner relating to their bad driving on a prior day.
Actually, a speeding bus is the least likely to cause the passengers to lose their balance. Urban speeds are more likely to jolt passengers off their feet, especially low speeds like 5 or 10 mph. This is why it’s especially annoying to have a bus driver who unnecessarily drives forwards and stops again while a light is still red.
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