ii) Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.
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Answer:
The autonomic nervous system which is responsible for thhe conduction of impulses from the CNS (central nervous system) to the involuntary muscles and glands is further classified into two: Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.
Sympathetic nervous system:
It corresponds to the nerves which arise from the thoracic and lumbar region. It constitutes the thoracic-lumbar outflow. It mobilizes body systems during emergency situtations, ie, the flight or fight response. Here preganglionic fibres are small while post ganglionic fibres are large.
Some of the responses due to sympathetic nervous system:
- Acceleration of heartbeat
- Increase in sweat secretion
- Dilation of pupil
- Inhibition of gut peristalsis
- Increase in blood sugar level
Parasympathetic nervous system:
It corresponds to the nerves which arise from the cranial and sacral region. It constitutes the cranio-sacral outflow. It conserves energy and promotes non-emergency fuctions. This promotes calming and return to the self maintenance function of the body. Preganglionic fibres are large while postganglionic fibres are small.
Some of the responses due to parasympathetic nervous system:
- Retardation of heartbeat
- Inhibition of sweat secretion
- Constriction of pupil
- Stimulation of gut peristalsis
- Decease in blood sugar level
Answer:
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Explanation: