important question from print and culture class 10 SST
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
1. “Print popularized the ideas of the idea of the enlightenment thinkers.” Explain.
Ans. 1. Collectively the writings of thinkers provided a critical commentary on tradition,
superstitionand despotism.
2. Scholars and thinkers argued for the rule of reason rather than custom and demanded
thateverything to be judged through the application of reason and rationality.
3. They attacked the sacred authority of the church and the despotic power of the state thus
eroding the legitimacy of a social order based on tradition.
4. The writing of Voltaire and Rousseau were read widely and those who read these books
sawthe world through new eyes, eyes that were questioning critical and rational.
2. How did a new reading public emerges with the printing revolution?
Ans. 1. Earlier reading was restricted to elites but now Access to books created a new culture
of reading.
2. Earlier books were very expensive and it was very difficult to reproduce the books in
sufficient numbers.
3. Due to printing revolution books could reach to the wider section of people.
4. Earlier there was a hearing public but now a reading public emerged.
3. What was the reaction of religious authorities and monarchs about printing?
Ans. 1. Not everyone welcomed the printed books and those who did also had fears about it.
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2. It was feared that if there was no control over what was printed and read then irreligious
thoughts might spread.
3. The authority and value of the valuable literature would be destroyed.
4. What were the views of Mercier?
Ans. 1. According to Mercier, ‘the printing press is the most powerful engine of progress and
public opinion is the force that will sweep despotism away.”
2. In many of Mercier‘s novels, the heroes are transformed by the acts of reading.
3. Mercier believed that power of print will bring down despotism.
5. Explain the role of visual art and images in printing in India.
Ans. 1. With the increasing number of printing presses, visual images could be easily
reproduced in multiple copies.
2. Painters like Raja Ravi Verma produced images for mass circulation.
3. Cheap prints and calendars were bought even by poor to decorate the walls of their
houses.
6. Why was Menocchio hauled and executed?
Ans. 1. Menocchio a miller in Italy began to read books that were available in his locality.
2. He reinterpreted the message of bible and formulated a view of god and creation that
enraged the Roman Catholic Church.
3. When the Roman Church began its inquisition and repress heretical ideas, Manocchio was
hauled up twice and ultimately executed.
7. How print was used by the Imperial court of China?
Ans. 1. The imperial state in china was, for a very long time the major
material.
2. China possessed a huge bureaucratic system which recruited its personnel through civil
services examinations.
3. Textbooks for this examination were printed in vast numbers under the sponsorship of the
imperial state.
8. How print was diversified by the seventeenth century in China?
Ans. 1. By the seventeenth century as urban culture bloomed in China, the use of print
diversified. Print was no longer used just by scholar-officials.
2. Merchants used print in their everyday life, as they collected trade information.
3. Reading increasingly became a leisure activity.
4. The new readership preferred fictional narratives, poetry, autobiographies, anthologies of
literary masterpieces and romantic plays.