India has many physical features which influences the flora of the country. Describe the features of the different forests of India.
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The present name of the country “India” refers to ancient “Bharatavarsha” or the Land of Bharata of mythological fame. Various Muslim nations to the west of India prefer to call it as Hind or Hindustan. Thus we find diversity in the nomenclature of the land itself. For a better understanding on the diverse elements of Indian culture we shall first should focus on its various aspects. Then we shall examine how among these diverse elements there is the eternal flow of unity which is the fundamental characteristic of Indian culture.
1. Physical Diversity:
Geography has given India different physical diversities in its very structure. It has vast varieties of soil, wide differences of the frontiers with four distinct geographical divisions.
They are as follows:
1. The Himalayan Mountains with its Eastern and Western ranges
2. The Northern plains enriched by Indus, Ganga, Brahmaputra and their tributaries
3. The Central Indian plateau and the Deccan plateau
4. Long strips of coastal lands between the sea and the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats Mountain ranges
Champion (1936) recognized 13 major types of forest in India. Champion and Seth (1968) recognized sixteen types of forest which are listed below. (Fig 11.2)
Hanson (1962) defines forest as “a stand of trees growing close together with associated plants of various kinds”
The following types of forests are found in India which cover nearly 17 per cent of the total area of Indian territory.