Information on Chandrayaan and Mangalyaan in 40 - 50 words
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India made history on September 24, 2014. Indians had a lot to rejoice when Mangalyaan began orbiting the red planet. Also known as Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), it became the first successful Mars mission from Asia. At $71–74 million, it is the most cost-effective mission to Mars.
Improvising on the existing technologies of the Chandrayaan-1, Mangalyaan was an ambitious mission. But the combined effort of the best scientists in India resulted in achieving the goal .
Chandrayaan-2 is India's second lunar exploration mission after Chandrayaan-1. Developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), the mission is planned to be launched to the Moon by a Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mk III (GSLV III).
Answer:
India made history on September 24, 2014. Indians had a lot to rejoice when Mangalyaan began orbiting the red planet. Also known as Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), it became the first successful Mars mission from Asia. At $71–74 million, it is the most cost-effective mission to Mars.
Improvising on the existing technologies of the Chandrayaan-1, Mangalyaan was an ambitious mission. But the combined effort of the best scientists in India resulted in achieving the goal.
So why did they propose a mission so difficult? What were its objectives? What were the challenges? How did they overcome it?
Without further adieu, let us take a look at India’s greatest space mission till date.
Inception
The success of Chandrayaan-1 in 2008, set the standards for a mission to Mars. The public announcement took place on November 23, 2008. The then chairman of Indian Space Research Organisation, G. Madhavan Nair made the announcement.
Objectives
The main objectives of the mission were to design, develop, and operate the interplanetary mission.
Mission planning, management, navigation and communication in deep space.
Develop autonomous features to foresee unpredictable situations.
Develop an orbiter perform Earth-bound manoeuvres, cruise for 298 days, perform Mars Orbit Insertion, orbit around Mars, and most importantly, survive the journey.
Meet power, payload, and thermal operation requirements.
The secondary objectives consisted the following:
Explore Mars — study the morphology, topography, and mineralogy features of the surface.
Use remote sensing techniques to study the atmosphere of Mars which includes carbon dioxide and methane.
Study the dynamics of the upper atmosphere, escape of volatile substances to the outer space, effects of solar radiation and wind.
Observe and study the moon Phobos and re-evaluate the asteroid orbit.
The Team
K. Radhakrishnan had taken over as the chairman of ISRO by the time the mission got approval. He attributed the success of MOM to the working together of “bubbling youth and the experienced elders”.
Explanation: