Question

कोशिकीय श्वसन का वर्णन करें।

Answer 1

Answer:

सजीव कोशिकाओं में भोजन के आक्सीकरण के फलस्वरूप ऊर्जा उत्पन्न होने की क्रिया को कोशिकीय श्वसन कहते हैं। यह एक केटाबोलिक क्रिया है जो आक्सीजन की उपस्थिति या अनुपस्थिति दोनों ही अवस्थाओं में सम्पन्न हो सकती है। इस क्रिया के दौरान मुक्त होने वाली ऊर्जा को एटीपी नामक जैव अणु में संग्रहित करके रख लिया जाता है जिसका उपयोग सजीव अपनी विभिन्न जैविक क्रियाओं में करते हैं। यह जैव-रासायनिक क्रिया पौधों एवं जन्तुओं दोनों की ही कोशिकाओं में दिन-रात हर समय होती रहती है। कोशिकाएँ भोज्य पदार्थ के रूप में ग्लूकोज, अमीनो अम्ल तथा वसीय अम्ल का प्रयोग करती हैं जिनको आक्सीकृत करने के लिए आक्सीजन का परमाणु इलेक्ट्रान ग्रहण करने का कार्य करता है।

Answer 2

Cellular respiration is a multiple-step processes that occur in organism cells by utilizing oxygen molecules or nutrients and convert it into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and waste products.

Explanation:

Cellular respiration involves catabolic reaction, in which large molecules are break into smaller ones and releases energy because weak, high-energy bonds, especially in molecular oxygen, are replaced with stronger product bonds. Breathing is one of the main ways in which a cell releases chemical energy for fueling cell operation.

Cellular respiration is divided into two types of major respiration process:

1. Aerobic Respiration
2. Anaerobic Respiration

Aerobic Respiration: The type of cellular respiration which takes place in the presence of oxygen to produce ATP is called Aerobic Respiration.  carbon dioxide and water are the products of aerobic respiration and the  the energy released is further used to break bonds in ADP (adenosine diphosphate) as the third group of phosphates is added to form ATP  (adenosine triphosphate), through phosphorylation at substrate level, NADH and FADH2.

Several aerobic respiration process involves Glycolysis , Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate , Citric acid cycle , and Oxidative phosphorylation.

Anaerobic Respiration: The type of cellular respiration which takes place in the absence of oxygen is called Aerobic Respiration. Anaerobic respiration is used by some microorganisms which uses an inorganic acceptor like nitrate or sulfate instead of oxygen and pyruvate. Organism uses anaerobic respiration are found in underwater caves or deep in the ocean.

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