Question

loss of beta particle is equivalent to

Answer 1

When beta particle is emitted from the nucleus, the nucleus has one more proton and one less neutron. This means atomic mass no remains unchanged and the atomic mass increases by 1.
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Answer 2

Loss of beta particle is equivalent to loss of electron from nucleus.

Nucleus don’t have electrons. But during β decay nuetron breaks down into proton and electron. This electron is lost but proton remains inside the nucleus.