Question

mention the geographical requirements for the growth of wheat and cotton in india.mention any four states for cotton and wheat.

Answer 1

Wheat is the main food crop in north and north-western part of the country.

The geographical conditions favourable for growth of wheat are as follows :

(1) Temperature : Wheat is a rabi crop and requires a cool growing season. Average temperature should be between 10°C to 15°C at the time of sowing, but higher temperatures and bright sunshine is required at the time of harvesting for proper ripening of grains.

(2) Rainfall : Wheat requires moderate rainfall of 50 to 75 cm annually, evenly distributed over the growing season. A little winter rain before ripening helps in increasing the yield.

(3) Soil: Deep alluvial clayey soils of Northern Plains and even black soil of Deccan are suited for growth of wheat.

There are two important wheat-growing zones in the country – the Ganga-Satluj plains in the north-west and black soil region of the Deccan. Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan and parts of Madhya Pradesh are the major wheat growing states.

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Answer 2

Wheat    

Temperature: 12°-25°C

Rainfall: 25-75 cm

Soil: well-drained-light clay to heavy clay  

Producers: China, India, USA, Russia, Australia, Canada, Pakistan, France, and Turkey.

Leading exporter in the world: USA

Cotton

Temperature: 18°-27°C

Rainfall: 60-110 cm

Soil: well-drained loam, and regur (black-earth)  

Producers: China, USA, India, Brazil, Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Egypt, Turkey.

Leading exporter in the world: USA