Methods work on the principle of avoiding the chances of meeting sperm and ovum
Answers
Explanation:
using condoms , spermicidal jellies , IUD's , progestasert insertions, etc.
Answer:
To avoid unwanted pregnancy, several contraceptive methods have been devised.
Those contraceptive methode fall under a number of categories :
1. Spacing method : It is a temporary way to prevent pregnancy for spacing between children. It includes
(a) Natural methods
Coltus Interruptus (withdrawal method): This method involves withdrawal of penis from vagina just before discharge of semen (containing sperms) to avoid insemination so that semen is released outaido the vagina
(b) Barrier methods (Mechanical Barrier):
In this method, there is creation of mechanical barrier so that the sperms do not reach the egg/ ovum. These methods include
(1) Condom: It is a thin covering for the penis which collects ejaculated semen during sexual intercourse. Using condom during sexual intercourse protects the user from sexually transmitted diseases as well.
It helps in preventing unwanted pregnancy and transmission of infections to some extent
Female condoms are known as femidom
(ii) Cervical cap and diaphragm : It is fitted on the cervix of the females and it chocks the entry of sperms into the uterus
Intrauterine devices (IUD): it includes loop, copper-T, which are placed in the uterus of females to prevent pregnancy. These devices are inserted by the doctors or experts nurses in the uterus through vagina At the same time thoy can causo sido effects such an irritation of the uterus, Exco menstrual bleeding, pain, risk of infection etc.
Male Condom
Formal Condom
Diaphragm Cervical cap
Oral Spermicide CuT Moad 37s Contraceptive Cream Pilis Two IUDS Fig. 24 : Some commonly used contraceptive devices
(d) Hormonal Methods :
Another category of contraceptives act by changing the hormonal balance of the body so that eggs are not released and fertilization does not occur. However, since the change hormonal balance, they can cause side effects too
• Oral pills : These drugs are commonly taken orally as pills. Oral pills constitute synthetic estrogen and progesterone which alter the menstrual cycle.
They check ovulation by inhibiting the release of FSH and LH from the pituitary gland.
Some of the commonly used oral pills are Mala-N. Mala-D, which are daily oral pills.
Saheli pill is an oral pill which is taken weekly. It is non-hormonal, non-steroidal pill
• Vaginal pills : These pills are placed in the vagina and contain chemicals which are
