Question

narrate the history of the rise and fall of the rashtrakutas

Answer 1

Rashtrakuta was a royal dynasty ruling large parts of the Indian subcontinent between the sixth and 10th centuries. The earliest known Rashtrakuta inscription is a 7th-century copper plate grant detailing their rule from Manapura, a city in Central or West India. Other ruling Rashtrakuta clans from the same period mentioned in inscriptions were the kings of Achalapur (modern Elichpur in Maharashtra) and the rulers of Kannauj. Several controversies exist regarding the origin of these early Rashtrakutas, their native home and their language.

Rashtrakuta Emperors (753-982)Dantidurga(735 - 756)Krishna I(756 - 774)Govinda II(774 - 780)Dhruva Dharavarsha(780 - 793)Govinda III(793 - 814)Amoghavarsha(814 - 878)Krishna II(878 - 914)Indra III(914 -929)Amoghavarsha II(929 - 930)Govinda IV(930 – 936)Amoghavarsha III(936 – 939)Krishna III(939 – 967)Khottiga(967 – 972)Karka II(972 – 973)Indra IV(973 – 982)Tailapa II
(Western Chalukyas)(973-997)


The Elichpur clan was a feudatory of the Badami Chalukyas, and during the rule of Dantidurga, it overthrew Chalukya Kirtivarman II and went on to build an empire with the Gulbarga region in modern Karnataka as its base. This clan came to be known as the Rashtrakutas of Manyakheta, rising to power in South India in 753. At the same time the Pala dynasty of Bengal and the Prathihara dynasty of Malwa were gaining force in eastern and northwestern India respectively. An Arabic text, Silsilat al-Tawarikh (851), called the Rashtrakutas one of the four principal empires of the world.[2]

This period, between the eighth and the 10th centuries, saw a tripartite struggle for the resources of the rich Gangetic plains, each of these three empires annexing the seat of power at Kannauj for short periods of time. At their peak the Rashtrakutas of Manyakheta ruled a vast empire stretching from the Ganges River and Yamuna River doab in the north to Cape Comorin in the south, a fruitful time of political expansion, architectural achievements and famous literary contributions. The early kings of this dynasty were influenced by Hinduism and the later kings by Jainism.

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Answer 2

The Rashtrakutas were the chieftains and feudatories in central India who later established their empire in South India with its capital at Manyakhet in 725 AD. The word Rastra in Sanskrit means region and Kuta indicates chieftains. The origin of place and date of Rashtrakutas is debatable but it is certain they ruled in South India between 8th to 10th century.

Dantidurga was the first and the most important king of Rastrakutas who laid the foundation of the Rashtrakuta Empire. He was followed by some successful successors as well. The Rashtrakutas defeated their rivals several times and expanded their empire. The Rastrakutas patronized the art, architecture and culture as well.

The Rashtrakuta king Khottiga Amoghavarsh was defeated by the Pamara king Siyanka (Harsha) in 972 AD which paved the way to the decline of Rastrakutas. Later one of the feudatories of Rashtakutas, Tailappa II declared its independence. The last king Indra IV starved himself to death according to Jain tradition. Further more feudatories of Rashtakutas declared their independence and their capital Manyakhet was capture by the Chalukyas of Badami which finally lead to the fall of Rashtakutas.