On what different bases are dams classified
Answers
Based structure and materials used they are classified as timber dams , embankment dams or masonry dams.
Based on height - large dams and manor dams or as low dams , medium height dams and high dams.
Answer:
A dam is a structure that blocks, directs, or slows the flow of water; it frequently results in the creation of a reservoir, lake, or impoundment.
According to their structure, intended use, or height, dams are categorized. Dams are divided into several categories based on their structure, function, and material used.
Dams based on material
- Dams made of masonry
- Dams made of steel
- Dams made of wood
- Dams made of Concrete
Dams made of masonry
Masonry dams are constructed of dirt, stone/bricks, and mortar. Seepage is reduced in a masonry dam.
Dams made of steel
Steel dams are dams composed of steel rather than the more conventional masonry, earthworks, concrete, or timber building materials. They are stronger than other dams. Footing is given at regular intervals on the downstream side. Steel trusses and anchors are used in its construction.
Dams made of wood
These are makeshift wooden dams. The major purpose of this dam is to divert water. They have a short lifespan and a small stature.
Dams Made of Concrete
Concrete dams are substantial constructions. Concrete dams are built using cementitious materials like concrete. They are physically strong. This dam's construction costs a lot of money.
Dam Types based on Functions
Dams are classified into four kinds based on their purpose.
- Dam for storing water
- Dam for diversion
- Dam of Retention
- Cofferdam
Dam for Storage
Storage dams are the most prevalent form of dam used for water storage over high-water discharge rivers and streams. This excess water held upstream is used for hydroelectricity, human needs, water for local wildlife, recreation, household water supply schemes, irrigation, and other purposes.
Dam Diversion
The diversion dam, often known as weirs or barriers, is used to deflect water. These dams may shift water from a large to a small scale, providing the necessary pressure to drive water through channels and conduits. Diversion dams are low-height structures with modest upstream storage space.
Dam of Retention
The retention dams obstruct the flow of water downstream. These dams act as flood controls by slowing downstream flows. Flash floods can be reduced to some extent by installing detention dams. They are also known as debris dams because they slow down sediments like trash.
Cofferdams
Cofferdams are temporary enclosures used to evacuate water from building sites in maritime or wet environments including bridge restoration, piling operations, oil exploration activity, bridge foundations, and other similar activities. Cofferdams' primary function is to create a dry working space by storing soil and water. They are lightweight and reusable constructions.
Dam Types - Based on Structure
Dam types are categorized based on the kind of structure utilized in dam building.
- Dams built using gravity
- Dams with arches
- Buttresses dam
- Dam on an embankment
The Gravity Dam
Gravity dams are big constructions made of solid masonry or concrete that are meant to contain a large volume of water. The dam construction is held to the ground by the horizontal trust of water and gravity. It has a triangular shape. The dam's design takes into account the strength of the foundation rock.
The Arch Dam
An arch dam is a concrete dam with a curved design upstream.
An arch dam operates on the idea that hydrostatic pressure applied to the curved construction straightens and strengthens it by pressing it into the foundations or abutments. Arch movements, therefore, balance hydrostatic pressure.
Dams on Buttresses
Buttress dams can be built in curved or straight designs.
They were given a sloping deck with buttresses at regular intervals. They are often chosen for soil with low bearing capacity. The dam's major components are a face slab, a standing slab, and a base slab.
Dam on an embankment
Embankment dams are historic forms of dams made of natural materials such as rock, dirt, sand, clay, and so on, as well as industrial waste materials such as compacted plastics, and so on. They are constructed into broad valleys. They are classified into two types: earth fills and rock fills. The core is made up of impermeable materials.
Read here more-
How are dams classified
https://brainly.in/question/2583090
According to the hydraulic design the dams are classified as
https://brainly.in/question/25603474
#SPJ2