pictorial project on properties of metals and nonmetals along with their usage
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Properties of metals and non metals are ss follows.....
1-metals are gud conductor of electricity..while non metals are bad conductors of electricity...
2- metals are strong and rigid.. while non metals are soft ...can easily be broken
1-metals are gud conductor of electricity..while non metals are bad conductors of electricity...
2- metals are strong and rigid.. while non metals are soft ...can easily be broken
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF METALS AND NON- METALS :
Various physical properties which enables us to distinguish metals from non- metals : -
♣ State :
All metals are solid at room temperature. only Mercury is a metal in liquid form.
♣ Colour :
Metals usually have a silver or grey colour.
♣ Metallic lustre :
Metals in the pure state generally shine and can be polished . The shine on the metallic surface is called the metallic lustre.
♣ Hardness :
Metals are generally hard like iron except some which are soft like Pottassium and sodium and can be cut with a knife.
♣ Density :
Metals have high densities. The density of a Substance is a measure of how heavy it is .
Density = Mass ( in g ) / volume ( in cm³ )
According to density , metals are divided into two groups — light metals and heavy metals . Metals like Sodium and pottasium are so light that they can even float on water.
♣ Malleability :
Some metals can be beaten into thin sheets with hammer without breaking . This property of metals is called malleability. Gold and silver are the most malleable metals. They can be hammered into very thin sheets. Silver foils are used for decorating sweets. Aluminum foils are used for wrapping of medicines , chocolates , etc.
♣ Ductility :
Ductility is the property by virtue of which metals can be drawn into wire. Gold and Silver are the best ductile metals. Copper and Aluminium are also drawn into wire and used in electrical wiring.
♣ Conductivity :
All metals conduct heat and electricity. Three very good conductors of electricity are silver , copper and aluminum. Silver is used for electrical contacts in computer. Mercury is worst conductor of heat.
♣ Sonority :
Metals are generally sonorous . They make a singing sound when we strike them. Therefore, they are used for making bells and metals wires being used in musical instruments such as Sitar and guitar.
♣ Melting and Boiling point :
Metals have generally high melting points and Boiling points. However, sodium and potassium have low melting points.
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Some physical properties of Non-Metals are :-
♠ Physical Properties :
Three Physical states of matter in which non- metal exist are solid , liquid, and gas . The Physical properties of Non-Metals are opposite to that of metals.
Example :- carbon, sulphur, Phosphorous, etc. are solid non- metals. Bromine is liquid non-metal; oxygen , Hydrogen, nitrogen etc. are gasesous non- metals .
♠ Lustre :
Non- metals do not have lustre. They have dull appearance. But some exceptions as Graphite, diamond and iodine have Crystal shine.
♠ Malleability :
Non- metals are non-melleable that is they cannot be beaten into thin sheets.
♠ Ductility :
Non- metals are non- ductile . They cannot be drawn into wires.
♠ Conductivity :
Non metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity except Graphite which is a good conductor of electricity and heat.
♠ Melting points :
Non- metals usually have low melting points.
♠ Hardness :
Non- metals are usually soft except diamond which is the hardest known non-metal. Non- metals are brittle, when hammered they break into pieces.
♠ Sonorous :
Non- metals are non- Sonorous.
Various physical properties which enables us to distinguish metals from non- metals : -
♣ State :
All metals are solid at room temperature. only Mercury is a metal in liquid form.
♣ Colour :
Metals usually have a silver or grey colour.
♣ Metallic lustre :
Metals in the pure state generally shine and can be polished . The shine on the metallic surface is called the metallic lustre.
♣ Hardness :
Metals are generally hard like iron except some which are soft like Pottassium and sodium and can be cut with a knife.
♣ Density :
Metals have high densities. The density of a Substance is a measure of how heavy it is .
Density = Mass ( in g ) / volume ( in cm³ )
According to density , metals are divided into two groups — light metals and heavy metals . Metals like Sodium and pottasium are so light that they can even float on water.
♣ Malleability :
Some metals can be beaten into thin sheets with hammer without breaking . This property of metals is called malleability. Gold and silver are the most malleable metals. They can be hammered into very thin sheets. Silver foils are used for decorating sweets. Aluminum foils are used for wrapping of medicines , chocolates , etc.
♣ Ductility :
Ductility is the property by virtue of which metals can be drawn into wire. Gold and Silver are the best ductile metals. Copper and Aluminium are also drawn into wire and used in electrical wiring.
♣ Conductivity :
All metals conduct heat and electricity. Three very good conductors of electricity are silver , copper and aluminum. Silver is used for electrical contacts in computer. Mercury is worst conductor of heat.
♣ Sonority :
Metals are generally sonorous . They make a singing sound when we strike them. Therefore, they are used for making bells and metals wires being used in musical instruments such as Sitar and guitar.
♣ Melting and Boiling point :
Metals have generally high melting points and Boiling points. However, sodium and potassium have low melting points.
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Some physical properties of Non-Metals are :-
♠ Physical Properties :
Three Physical states of matter in which non- metal exist are solid , liquid, and gas . The Physical properties of Non-Metals are opposite to that of metals.
Example :- carbon, sulphur, Phosphorous, etc. are solid non- metals. Bromine is liquid non-metal; oxygen , Hydrogen, nitrogen etc. are gasesous non- metals .
♠ Lustre :
Non- metals do not have lustre. They have dull appearance. But some exceptions as Graphite, diamond and iodine have Crystal shine.
♠ Malleability :
Non- metals are non-melleable that is they cannot be beaten into thin sheets.
♠ Ductility :
Non- metals are non- ductile . They cannot be drawn into wires.
♠ Conductivity :
Non metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity except Graphite which is a good conductor of electricity and heat.
♠ Melting points :
Non- metals usually have low melting points.
♠ Hardness :
Non- metals are usually soft except diamond which is the hardest known non-metal. Non- metals are brittle, when hammered they break into pieces.
♠ Sonorous :
Non- metals are non- Sonorous.
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