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The energy difference between these orbitals is very less, so both the energy levels can be used for bond formation. Thus, transition elements have variable oxidation states. ... (3) Scandium (Sc) only exhibits a +3 oxidation state in these series. Manganese exhibit the largest number of oxidation states. It shows the oxidation states +2, +3, +4, +5 ,+6, and + 7. The reason for that is the maximum number of unpaired electrons present in its outermost shell i.e. 3d54s2.
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