Question

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Answer 1

Answer:

$P^{2+}$

Explanation:

Observe the values of I.E.

Since there is an abrupt and huge change of IE value from 2nd value to 3rd value, the element belongs to the 2nd group.

Thus the ion formed will be $P^{2+}$ as the 2nd group is of alkaline earth metals.

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Answer 2

Question:

The successive ionization energies in KJ/mol of an element P are 740, 1500, 7000, 10500, 13600, 18000 and 21700. Which ion is the most likely to be formed when P reacts with chloride?

Answer:

$\Large{\underline{\underline{\bf{Option\:B:\:P^{2+} }}}}$

Explanation:

→ Observing the various successive ionisation energies given, it is found that the third ionisation enthalpy of element P is much higher than the second.

→ That is it is difficult to remove the third electron from element P compared to the other two electrons.

→ Hence the valency of element P is 2 and it is more likely to form P²⁺ ion with chloride

→ The compond formed would be PCl₂ where the valency of P is 2 and Cl is 1.

$\Large{\underline{\underline{\bf{More\:Information:}}}}$

→ Ionisation enthalpy is the energy required to remove an electron from an isolated gaseous atom in its ground state.

M + I.E ⇒ M⁺ + e⁻

→ The ionisation enthalpy increase across a period due to increase in effective nuclear charge and decrease in atomic size

→ The ionisation enthalpy decrease down the group due to increase in atomic size.