Question

pls give the structure of P4?

Answer 1

White phosphorus, yellow phosphorus or simply tetraphosphorus (P4) exists as molecules made up of four atoms in a tetrahedral structure. The tetrahedral arrangement results in ring strain and instability. The molecule is described as consisting of six single P–P bonds. Two different crystalline forms are known. The α form is defined as the standard state of the element, but is actually metastable under standard conditions. It has a body-centered cubic crystal structure, and transforms reversibly into the β form at 195.2 K. The β form is believed to have a hexagonal crystal structure.
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Answer 2

The electron dot or Lewis dot structure of P4,which is the constituent molecule of white phosphorus,can be easily drawn keeping in mind the facts that:

1)It has tetrahedral geometry.

2)Each P has 5 valence e-s and thus in P4 there are 5×4=20 valence e-s.

3)Each covalent bond(shown in the figure) has 2 e-s shared as a result of which,there is a lone pair in each P.

4)Now,if you calculate the number of valence e-s in the figure,

2×4(2×total no: of lone pairs)+2×6(2×total no: of covalent bonds)=20 

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