prepare an illustration on historians
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Throughout history, humankind has used narrative images to tell stories. The earliest recorded illustrations appear in the cave paintings created in Lascaux, France, ca.15,000 B.C. These images featured pictorial representations or logograms in succession, which detailed important events. In the ancient civilizations of Greece and Italy, art flourished to honor gods, humankind, and the cultures themselves. Illustrations of heroes and festivals, mythological tales and literature, funeral scenes and sporting events were drawn and incised onto ceremonial vessels. Illustrative wall paintings and floor mosaics were created to decorate the homes of the wealthy and powerful.
In the Middle Ages, narrative pictorials appeared in illuminated manuscripts. Christian belief in the sanctity of religious writings was the primary reason for the preservation and copying of books. Monasteries were the centers of cultural, educational, and intellectual activities and studio spaces called "scriptoria" were provided for writing, copying, and illuminating books.
Starting In the 14th century, artists of the Renaissance presented new music, literature, art, and publications that could be mass-produced and distributed due to the invention of a mechanical printing process by Johannes Gutenberg in 1452. The creation and distribution of woodcuts and engraved prints brought images, ideas, and entertainment to a wide audience and provided people outside the upper class the possibility of experiencing art.
With the start of the Industrial Revolution in the mid-1700s, printing technology improved rapidly and more publications were distributed and seen. Illustration became more commonly encountered in daily life. English wood engraver and publisher Thomas Bewick established a studio for the creation and printing of commercial illustration that was used for many purposes, including works for children, educational materials for schools, natural history plates, and title-page art for books. Newspapers are increasingly embellished with engravings.
The profession of illustration fully takes hold in the early 1800s. English and French caricaturists independently earned a living as full-time illustrators with sales of etched or engraved prints through small, gallery-like print shops and city street book stalls. This made illustration accessible and affordable. Books by Charles Dickens and other popular writers were illustrated throughout.