Question

Short note on programmes of quit india movement

Answer 1

In 1935, a new legislation was introduced which widened the franchise. On this basis, elections were held in 1937. The Congress won the elections and formed governments in many provinces. These governments tried to implement some of the promises they had made like the release of political prisoners, greater attention to education and health, some relief to the peasantry, etc. they remained in office for a short time. In 1939, when the Second World War broke out, the British government declared without consulting any of the Indian representatives that India was also a party to the War. The Congress ministries resigned in protest. From then on, it was only a matter of time and preparation when the next phase of organized struggle would be started.

It was on 8 August 1942 that the Congress announced the. Quit India movement. Gandhi exhorted the people to do or die. The British government arrested most of the leaders before they could organize the movement. But this did not dampen the spirit of the people. New leaders emerged at’ local levels who led and sustained the movement. As this movement lacked a central command and the government repression was at its highest, violence broke out every where Railway stations, post offices and police stations were burnt down. Railway lines and telephone and telegraph wires were cut. In many areas, parallel governments were set up, Strikes and demonstrations were also organized and people attacked and disrupted the government transport system. The government replied with further repression. Thousands were killed and many more arrested. Although the government was able to crush the movement, it was now apparent that people wanted freedom from the foreign rule and they were prepared to use violence to this end.

Answer 2

Explanation:

The Quit India Movement (translated into several Indian languages as the Leave India Movement), also known as the August Movement, was a movement launched at the Bombay session of the All-India Congress Committee by Mahatma Gandhi on 9 August 1942, during World War II, demanding an end to British rule in india.[1]

After the failure of the Cripps Mission to secure Indian support for the British war effort, Gandhi made a call to Do or Die in his Quit India speech delivered in Bombay on 8 August 1942 at the Gowalia Tank Maidan. [2] The All-India Congress Committee launched a mass protest demanding what Gandhi called "An Orderly British Withdrawal" from India. Even though it was at war, the British were prepared to act. Almost the entire leadership of the Indian National Congress was imprisoned without trial within hours of Gandhi's speech. Most spent the rest of the war in prison and out of contact with the masses. The British had the support of the Viceroy's Council (which had a majority of Indians), of the All India Muslim League, the princely states, the Indian Imperial Police, the British Indian Army, the Hindu Mahasabha and the Indian Civil Service. Many Indian businessmen profiting from heavy wartime spending did not support the Quit India Movement. Many students paid more attention to Subhas Chandra Bose, who was in exile and supporting the Axis Powers. The only outside support came from the Americans, as President Franklin D. Roosevelt pressured Prime Minister Winston Churchill to give in to some of the Indian demands. The Quit India campaign was effectively crushed.[3] The British refused to grant immediate independence, saying it could happen only after the war had ended.

Sporadic small-scale violence took place around the country and the British arrested tens of thousands of leaders, keeping them imprisoned until 1945. In terms of immediate objectives, Quit India failed because of heavy-handed suppression, weak coordination and the lack of a clear-cut program of action.[citation needed] However, the British government realized that India was ungovernable in the long run due to the cost of World War II, and the question for postwar became how to exit gracefully and peacefully.

In 1992, the Reserve Bank of India issued a 1 rupee commemorative coin to mark the Golden Jubilee of the Quit India Movement.[4].....