show ester formation
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Esters and water are formed when alcohols react with carboxylic acids. This reaction is called esterification, which is a reversible reaction. This type of reaction is called a condensation reaction, which means that water molecules are eliminated during the reaction.
The conditions for esterification are as follow:
- concentrated sulfuric acid as catalyst
- reflux at 180°C
E.g. reaction of ethanol and ethanoic acid to form ethyl ethanoate and water
C2H5OH + CH3COOH ⇆ CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
another example is the reaction of ethanoic acid and propanol to form propyl ethanoate and water
Since esterification is a reversible reaction, esters can undergo hydrolysis to form corresponding alcohol and organic acid.
Saponification
Saponification is an alkaline hydrolysis of esters. A salt of the carboxylic acid is formed instead of the acid.
E.g. CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH → CH3COONa + C2H5OH
The conditions for esterification are as follow:
- concentrated sulfuric acid as catalyst
- reflux at 180°C
E.g. reaction of ethanol and ethanoic acid to form ethyl ethanoate and water
C2H5OH + CH3COOH ⇆ CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
another example is the reaction of ethanoic acid and propanol to form propyl ethanoate and water
Since esterification is a reversible reaction, esters can undergo hydrolysis to form corresponding alcohol and organic acid.
Saponification
Saponification is an alkaline hydrolysis of esters. A salt of the carboxylic acid is formed instead of the acid.
E.g. CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH → CH3COONa + C2H5OH
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Answer:
Ethanol + Ethanoic Acid = Ester + Water.
Explanation:
When absolute ethanol reacts with Ethanoic Acid then it forms a sweet-smelling substance called Ester.
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