State the latest programme taken up by the government in the field of providing total sanitation facility?
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On October 2, Prime Minister Modi announced the Swachh Bharat, or Clean India, Mission – an undertaking to ensure that India is litter free and that every house has access to a toilet by 2019. The Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) will release $32 billion to construct 120 million toilets across the country. This announcement has put India on the road once again towards tackling one of its most intractable problems: open defecation.
In the past
Providing access to sanitation facilities, especially in rural areas, has been a hallmark of government policy for decades. Starting with the Central Rural Sanitation Program in 1986, ambitious plans like the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC), Nirmal Gram Puraskar (NGP), Provision of Urban Amenities in Rural Areas (PURA), Bharat Nirman and the ongoing Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA), have regularly been put in place, though with little impact. India has seen a tremendous increase in population since 2001, contributing to an increase in open air defecation over the past decade despite the many government programs.
The new program
Under Prime Minister Modi, the existing Nirmal Bharat Mission will be restructured into SBM, which will be divided into Swachh Bharat Mission (Rural) and Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban). A Swachh Bharat Vidyalaya campaign focusing on schools will also run in parallel. The Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation will directly oversee operations in both rural and urban India. The Department of School Education and the Women and Child Development Ministry will have responsibility for the construction of school and Anganwadi (community) toilets.