State the laws of inheritance and independent assortment as proposed by Mendel.
Answers
The image above shows a true-breeding plant with the dominant traits of green pod color (GG) and yellow seed color (YY) being cross-pollinated with a true-breeding plant with yellow pod color (gg) and green seed color (yy). The resulting offspring are all heterozygous for green pod color and yellow seed color (GgYy). If the offspring are allowed to self pollinate, a 9:3:3:1 ratio will be seen in the next generation. About nine plants will have green pods and yellow seeds, three will have green pods and green seeds, three will have yellow pods and yellow seeds, and one will have a yellow pod and green seeds. This distribution of traits of typical of dihybrid crosses.
Mendel discovered this principle after performing dihybrid crosses between plants that had two traits, such as seed color and pod color, that differed from one another. After these plants were allowed to self-pollinate, he noticed that the same ratio of 9:3:3:1 appeared among the offspring. Mendel concluded that traits were transmitted to offspring independently.
mendle proposed three laws of inheritance
law of dominance .that the trait expressed is due to the allele being dominent.
law of segregation : it is stated as the allele in the gene pair sagregates during gamete formtion and again combine during fertilization or zygote formation.
law of independent assortment : it says that genes express their traits independently without influencing the traites of other genes.
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